Portable tool



March 7, 1944. p A slTTERT 2,343,595

PORTABLE TOOL Originl Filed May 26. 1939 v 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR v mm W507i 4 ATTO-RNEY J 7, 1944. VAN Sn- 2,343,595

Y PORTABLE TOOL I Original Filed May 26, 1939 v3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR BM/L v/w ,S77TE67' ATTORNEY I March 7, 1944. P. VAN ITr-ERT v PORTABLE TOOL Original Filed May 26. 1959 3 sheets-Shea s I wMQ p. w a w m Q I "mu m a n 7% a HF a w M J? a a 7 v n l VIZ. a 2 & l rm 4 HAUL WINS/77527 7 ATTORN EY Patented Mar. 7, 1944 PORTABLE TOOL Paul Van Sittert, Shaker Heights, Ohio, assignor to The Cleveland Pneumatic Tool Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Substituted for abandoned application Serial No. 275,869, May 25, 1939. This application May 23,

1940, Serial No. 336,871

13 Claims.

This invention relates broadly to machines for performing work such as riveting, stamping, punching, shearing or pressing, but more particularly to improvements in riveting machines wherein pressure rather than impacts is applied on the rivet. This application is a substitute for my abandoned application Serial No. 275,869 filed May 26, 1939.

One object of this invention is to produce an improved riveting machine wherein the rivet set or tool is moved into engagement with the rivet at a rapid rate of speed and is subsequently driven at a smaller rate of speed for performing the work.

Another object of this invention is to produce such a machine wherein the initial movement of the tool into engagement with the work is accomplished by virtue of relatively low pressure exerted on the tool, which pressure is subsequently automatically increased for upsetting the rivet.

Another object of this invention is to provide such a riveting machine with means for varying the extent of pressure available for effecting the working stroke of the tool, thereby assuring even upsetting of several rivets of the same size irre- 1 in a plane indicated by line H--I| in Fig. 1.

- portion 2 Fig. 12 is a view similar to Fig. 11, showing the valve in another position.

Referring to the'drawings, represents the main cylinder housing formed with a reduced extending coaxially from one end thereof, and having secured to its other end by bolts 22 a front casing 23, which casing is provided with a circular flange 24 forming one end of the housing 20 and with a substantially rectangular portion 25 extending longitudinally from the housing 20. Rigidly mounted within the casing 23, there is a substantially rectangular block 26 protruding from the front end of the easing where it is reduced in thickness as at 21 to fit between two side walls 28 of a work supporting spective of the length of application of the tool on each rivet.

Other objects and advantages more or less ancillary to the foregoing reside in the specific construction and aggroupment of the elements peculiar to this structure, as will become apparent from a more complete examination of this specification.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a riveting machine embodying the invention. In this figure, the movable parts are shown at the beginning of their working stroke.

Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing the movable parts positioned for engagement of the rivet set with the rivet.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing the movable parts at the end of their working stroke.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged View of a portion of the tool shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the small piston positioned as shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a diagrammatical view of the pistons and the valve incorporated in the machine together with the system of passages leading therebetween.

Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 6 illustrating the movable parts in another position.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged cross sectional view taken in a plane indicated by line 8 -8 in Fig. ,1.

member or yoke 29, which side walls are rigidly secured to the block 26 by cross bolts 30.

Within the housing 20 there is pressed a liner 43 forming internally thereof a relatively large cylindrical chamber 44, within which is reciprocably mounted a piston 45 carrying a packing ring 46 acting as a fluid tight joint between the piston and the liner. Within the small portion 2| of the housing 20, there is also pressed a liner is forming in the interior thereof a chamber 41 of substantially square cross section and materially smaller than the chamber 44. Reciprocable Within the chamber 41, there are two square pistons 48 and 49, the former mounted on one end of a small tube 50 which extends through the piston 45 where it is terminated by a head 5|, capable of engagement with the piston for driving it rearwardly as will be explained later. Rig idly secured to the piston 49, there is a rod 53 extending through the tube 50 into a cavity ll formed within the stationary block 26. This rod is provided with double helical splines 54 of the usual Yankee screw driver type. To prevent leakage between the piston 45 and tube 50, and

- the liner l9 and tube 50, there are provided packings 52 and 55 respectively.

Located within the bottom of the cavity I], there is a gear 56 rotatably mounted on a roller bearing 51 heldin operative position by a stud To the gear 56 is rigidly secured a sleeve nut 59 extending upwardly therefrom in, coaxial alignment with the rod 53 and having its upper end internallythreaded or splined to receive'the corresponding splined end of the rod 53.

Slidable through the stationary block 26, there is a rivet set assembly I8 including a clevis 33 located within the cavity IT provided with a screw threaded stem 63, a sleeve 34 and a plunger 65. The sleeve 34 is provided with internal portions 61 and 62 threaded in opposed directions, the former to receive the correspondingly threaded stem 63 and the latter a threaded head 64 formed on the plunger 65, which plunger 1s preferably of polygonal cross section and slidable through a bushing 66 of corresponding internal cross section. The bushing 66 is held in position by a removable cross pin 67, and is formed with a knurled annular flange 68, the purpose of which will be explained later. Formed on the sleeve 34, there is an integral pinion 66 in operative engagement with the gear 56.

The clevis 33 carries a cross pin 32 on which is rotatably mounted a roller 3|. This pin 32 projects laterally beyond the clevis to pivotally receive one end of two parallel links 35 and 36 each having its other end pivotally connected to the block 26 by a cross pin 31. Above the roller 3|, the block 26 carries a pin 38 parallel to the pin 32, on which is rotatably mounted a cam 39 engaging the roller SI and having two arms 4| extending laterally therefrom, each arm being terminated by a rounded end 42.

Rigidly secured to the large piston 45 by one or more bolts 69, there is a tail I extending longitudinally therefrom partway into the cavity i1, and shaped in a manner enabling free movement of the tube 56 and rod 53 therethrough.

This tail is adequately shaped to pivotally receive the rounded ends 42 of the arms 4i extending from the cam 39. In order to resist the lateral thrust exerted on the tail it due to its engagement with the cam 39, there is pivotally carried by the stationary block '26 a roller H fitted within a track 12 extending longitudinally of the tail ID.

The casing 26 adjacent the extension 2i is provided with a bore 13 having pressed therein a, bushing 14 within which is slidably mounted a spool valve generally designated by 15, which valve is operated by a handle it rotatably mounted on a pin 11 carried by the casing 26. Adjacent the bore 13 the housing 26 is also provided with an inlet connection i8 through which motive fluid may be admitted to the valve 15 through an inlet port 19. Leading from the valve 15 to the chamber 44 and the smaller chamber 41, there is a plurality of ports and passages diagrammatically illustrated in Figs. 6 and '7, which are necessary for the operation of the pistons 45, 48 and 49 For instance, when the valve 15 is positioned as shown in Fig. 6, the motive fluid from the inlet port 19 will flow to the lower end of the chamber 41 via an annular groove 80 formed between the two heads BI and 82 of the valve 15, and a passage 33. In this instance, the upper end of the main chamber 44 is in communication with the atmosphere via a passage 84, a groove 85, and a port 86. In this position of the valve '15, the groove 85 is uncovered by the valve head 81 while the upper end of the chamber 41 is also in communication with the atmosphere through a passage 88, a groove 89. and a port 96 opening into the bore 9| within which is slidably mounted the valve 15. In the bore the port 90 is made to communicate with an exhaust port 92 through a valve groove 93 formed between the heads 82 and 81. 1

When the valve 75 is shlfted into the position shown in Fig. "I, the tapered seat 94 of the valve head 8! normally closing the end of the groove 89, is now moved in spaced relation therewith to afford communication between the port 79 and the passage 88, thus enabling admission of motive fluid into the upper end of the chamber 41. Simultaneously, the lower end of that chamber is made to communicate with the exhaust port 6?. through the passage 83 and the valve groove 80, while the port 84 previously in communication with the exhaust port 86 is now closed by the valve head 81. After having acted on the piston 49 in a manner hereinafter to be explained, the motive fluid will be admitted into a passage leading from the upper end of the chamber 41 into the upper end of the main chamber 44, which passage is also controlled by a spring seated valve 96 operatively mounted within a removable plug 91 screwed into the housing 26.

Detachably secured to the housing 20, there is a pipe nipple 98 opening into the upper end of the chamber 44 through a port 99 normally closed by a ball valve ltil urged into seated position by a compression spring lfii, the compresion of which is adjustable by a nut Hi2 having a port 163 extending therethrough.

The roller 3| is maintained in engagement with the cam 39 by the effort of two tension springs I04 operatively associated with the links 35 and 36 and the casing 25.

In the operation of the machine, when the valve [5 is positioned as shown in Fig. 7, the motive fluid admitted into the small chamber 41 through the passage 83 will act on the piston 49 for driving it forwardly, thereby causing the rod 53 to be pushed through the sleeve nut 59 for causing the rotation of the latter and the consequential rotation of the gear 56, which gear is operatively engaged with the pinion 66 of the sleeve 34 for rotating the latter. During rotation of the sleeve 34, the stem 63 and plunger 65 are held against rotation, thus causing axial movement of the sleeve toward or away from the yoke 29. Since the threads of the plunger head 64 are in opposed direction to that of the stem 53, and the stem is momentarily held. against endwise movement one way by the cam 39 engaging the roller 3i and in the other direction by the springs 34, it will be understood that rotation of the sleeve effecting its axial movement will also impart axial movement to the plunger 65 in the same direction as that of the sleeve but at a double rate of speed. In the present construction, the helical splines 54 and threaded connections Bl and 52 are calculated to result in the longitudinal movement of the plunger 65 toward the yoke 29 during the forward stroke of the piston 49 from the position in Fig. 1 to that in Fig. 2. In other words, during the forward or Working stroke of the piston 49, the plunger 65 will be moved into operative engagement with the work. Upon contact of the plunger with the rivet, further movement of the piston 49 and rod 53 will be prevented, thereby causingthe pressure of the motive fluid admitted intov the chamber 41 through the passageway 63 to increase sufficiently for compressing the spring normally holding the valve 96 in closed position relative to the passage 95, thus enabling the motive fluid from the chamber 41 to now flow into the chamber throu h the passage 65 and plug 9'5.

Pressure fluid now acting on the large piston 45 will drive the same forwardly, that is, toward the yoke 29, causing its tail l6 engaging the arms 4| of the cam 39 to impart rotation to the cam in a counterclockwise direction in Fig. 2 for exerting pressure on the roller 3| effecting axial movement of the rivet set assembly l8 toward the yoke 29, thereby resulting in the upsetting of the rivet I by the plunger 65. Due to the shape of the cam 39, it will be understood that a great pressure is exerted on the rivet set during the working stroke of the piston 45, which stroke is materially longer than that of the rivet set as clearly shown in Fig. 2.

If before the working stroke of the piston 45 the piston 49 is not driven the full length of its forward stroke, the piston 45 will move forwardly and engage the flange 5| of the tube 55 to move the piston 48 together with the tube 55 into the position shown in Fig. 3 irrespective of the piston 49 and rod 53. In other words, it is clear that the full working stroke of the piston 45 and rod 53 is not necessary to permit the full working stroke of the piston 45. For instance, the thickness of the work or the length of the rivet I55 maybe such that the plunger 55 will engage the rivet before the end of the working stroke of the piston 49, in which instance the piston 49 and rod 53 will thereafter remain stationary irrespective of the working stroke of the piston 45 which will carry with it the tube 55 and piston 48.

When the Valve 15 is again shifted into the position shown in Fig. 6, the motive fluid is admitted into the bottom of the chamber 47 through the passage 83 to act on the piston 48 for driving the same toward the left in Fig. 3. In this instance, the flange 5| of the tube 56 will engage the piston 45 for driving the same rearwardly,

will engage the piston 49 for driving it rearwardly from the position in Fig. 3 to the position in Fig. 1, thereby imparting axial movement to the rod 53 and effecting rotation of the sleeve nut 59 and gear 55. In this instance, it will be understood that the gear 55 being now rotated in the other direction, will impart rotation to the sleeve 34 resulting in its axial movement and in the similar movement of the plunger 65 from the position in Fig. 3 to the position in Fig. 1. During the return movement of the several parts above referred to, the roller 3| carried by the pin 32 will be moved back into its original position shown in Fig. 1 by the efforts of the compression springs I84 active on the links 35 and 35, thereby maintaining the roller 3| in engagement with the cam 39 and exerting pressure thereon in such a manner as to now efiect its rotation in a clockwise direction in Fig. 3 to maintain the rounded ends 42 of the arms 4| in engagement with the tail of the piston 45.

During the working stroke of the piston 45, lateral thrust exerted on the tail if! by the arms 4! of the cam 39 is resisted by the roller H engaging the guide 12 of the tail H1.

As the piston 45 is moved forwardly causing the performance of the work by the plunger 55, the amount of pressure the plunger 65 is capable of exerting on the work may be controlled by regulating the tension of the compression spring lfll of the valve i02 which valve controls the port 99 opening into the large chamber 44 back of the piston 45, thereby controlling the maximum pressure of the motive fluid active on the piston 45, and the consequential pressure of the rivet set IS on the rivet I05.

When it is desired to vary the initial stroke of the extensible rivet set 65, that is, the length of stroke from the position shown in Fig. 1 to that shown in Fig. 2, the cross pin 6! may be removed and the plunger 65 rotated by the operator rotating, for instance, the bushing 65. In this instance, rotation of the plunger 65 will result in its axial movement relative to the yoke 39 bringing it closer or further away from the work.

Although the foregoing description is necessarily of a detailed character, in order to completely set forth the invention, it is to be understood that the specific terminology is not intended to be restrictive or confining and it is to be further understood that various rearrangements of parts and modifications of structural detail may be resorted to without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention as herein claimed.

I claim:

1. In a device of the class described, a movable tool, a rotatable member operatively associated with said tool for driving it into engagement with the work upon rotation of the member. rotation imparting means for said member including a power actuated slidable piston, and fluid actuated rotary means subsequently exerting pressure on said tool for performing the work irrespective of the rotation of said member.

2. In a device of the class described, a tool, a rotatable member, means responsive to the rotation of said member for imparting initial working movement to said tool, rotation imparting means for said member including a power actuated slidable piston, and rotary cam means operatively associated with said tool for imparting further working movement thereto.

3. In a device of the class described, a longitudinally slidable tool, a power actuated member slidable parallelly of said tool, coaxial with said member, deriving motion from the slidable movement of said member for actuating said tool, and a power actuated slidable piston operatively associated with said tool for imparting further slidable movement thereto.

4. In a device of the class described, a longitudinally movable tool, a longitudinally movable and rotatable element, connecting means between said tool and element whereby rotation of the element causes longitudinal movement of the tool into engagement with the work and iongitudinal movement of the element is transmitted to the tool for performing the work, means including a power actuated slidable piston for rotating the element, and means for imparting longitudinal movement to the element.

5. In a device of the class described, a longitudinally movable tool, a longitudinally movable and rotatable sleeve, a screw threaded connection between said tool and sleeve whereby rotation of the sleeve causes longitudinal movement of the tool into engagement with the work and longitudinal movement of the sleeve is transmitted to the tool for performing the work, means including a power actuated slidable piston for rotating the sleeve, and means for imparting longitudinal movement to the sleeve.

6. In a device of the class described, a longitudinally movable coaxially disposed tool and stem locked against rotation, a member connecting said tool and stem in a manner effecting longitudinal movement of said tool into engagement with the work upon rotation of said member, means for rotating said member, a cam operatively associated with said stem for effecting longitudinal movement thereof upon rotation of said cam, the movement of said stem being transmitted by said member to said tool for performing the work, and means for rotating said cam.

'7. In a device of the class described, a work supporting member, a tool movable into operative engagement with the work, a rotary element parallel to said tool, interengaging means between said tool and element eiiecting longitudinal movement of said tool into engagement with the work upon rotation of said element, a power actuated slidable piston, and means re-- sponsive to the slidable movement of said piston for imparting further longitudinal movement to said tool.

8. In a device of the class described, a longitudinally movable tool including inner and outer coaxially disposed sections, a uniting coupling member between said sections in screw threaded engagement therewith, power actuated means including a slidable piston imparting rotation to said coupling member for effecting longitudinal movement of said outer tool section into engagement with the work, and means for imparting longitudinal movement to said inner tool section for transmission to said outer section by said coupling member.

9. In a device of the class described, a longitudinal slidable tool, a power actuated piston slidable parallelly of said too-l, rotary means deriving motion from the slidable movement of said piston for actuating said tool, a second power actuated piston slidable coaxially with the first piston, and pivotal means deriving motion from said second piston for imparting further slidable movement to said tool.

10. In a device of the class described, an extensible tool capable of longitudinal movement, a rotary member held against longitudinal movement, said member being associated with said tool for effecting its extension into engagement with the work, a cylinder, and a power actuated siidable piston within said cylinder operatively associated with said tool for effecting its longitudinal movement against the work independently of said member.

11. In a device of the class described, a housing, a reduced portion on said housing extending co-axially from one end thereof, a tool movable longitudinally from the other end of said housing, a first piston in said reduced portion having a tube extending into said housing, a second piston in said reduced portion having a rod slidably held in said tube and projecting beyond one end, thereof, a power actuated piston within said housing and mounted for slidable movement on said tube, a rotatable member operatively associated with said tool for driving it into engagement with the work, said member adapted to be rotated upon slidable movement of said second piston, and means for exerting additional pressure on said tool subsequent to its engagement with the work.

12. In a device of the class described, a hous ing, a reduced portion on said housing extend ing co-axially from one end thereof, a tool mov able longitudinally from the other end of sai housing, a first piston in said reduced portion having a tube extending into said housing, a second piston in said reduced portion having a rod slidably held in said tube and projecting beyond one end thereof, a power actuated piston Within said housing and mounted for slidable movement on said tube, a rotatable member operatively associated with said tool for driving it into engagement with the work, means for operatively connecting said rotatable member with said second piston whereby slidable movement thereof will rotate said member, and means for exerting additional pressure on said tool subsequent to its engagement with the work.

13. In a device of the class described, a housing, a. reduced portion on said housing extending co-axially from one end thereof, a tool movable longitudinally frcnr the other end of said housing, a first piston in said reduced portion having a tube extending into said housing, a second piston in said reduced portion having a rod slidably held in said tube and projecting beyond one end thereof, a power actuated piston within said housing and mounted for slidable movement on said tube,,a rotatable member operatively associated with said tool for driving it into engagement with the work, means for operatively connecting said rotatable member with said slidable rod whereby movement thereof will rotate said member for driving said tool into engagement with the work, and means actuated by said power piston for exerting additional pressure on said tool subsequent to its engagement with the work,

PAUL VAN SITTERT. 

